Agricultural Engineering

PACKING TOWER
The packed tower is composed of tower body, pedestal, padding supporting part, liquid distributor, liquid redistributor, tower packing’s, packing hold-down grid, etc. Liquid enters from tower top and is evenly distributed onto tower packing’s through liquid distributors and then flows down along the packing surface.

EVAPORATOR


An evaporator is a unit operation that is typically used to concentrate a solution by evaporating some of the solvent. In most cases, the solvent is water. To achieve temperatures above the boiling point, steam is used for heating purposes. Evaporation can take place at atmospheric pressure or under vacuum.

CENTRIFUGAL SEPERATOR


The mixture to be separated – liquid-solid, solid-liquid, or gas-solid mixture is pumped into a cone-shaped working apparatus in the separator to produce a rotation. The separator produces a spinning vortex, leading to solid filtration from liquids

HAMMER MILL


Hammer mills are used for crushing, pulverizing and deagglomeration of medium-hard, hard, brittle, tough and fibrous samples.

BUCKET ELEVATOR

Bucket elevator is an important grain handling equipment, which can be found in modern mills and storage silos. It is used to convey material vertically. It consists of a series of buckets / cups arranged to an endless belt rotated by a power source. The bucket is filled with grains during upward movement and discharged at the top due to centrifugal force. The capacity depends on the bucket size and speed of operation. For proper discharge of the material, the weight of the material in each cup should be equal to the centrifugal force created due to rotation.

LSU DRYER


The design of this continuous dryer was developed in Louisiana State University in the mid-1950s called the L.S.U. dryer. This design was developed specifically for rice to ensure gentle treatment, good grain mixing and good air to grain contact. It is a mixing type continuous flow dryer, in which layers of inverted V-shaped channels are installed. The layers alternate between hot air intake and exhaust air outlets and are staggered to provide mixing.

MAIZE SHELLER


The Maize Sheller consists of a bevel gear fixed adjacent to the shelling disc, which pulls the cob inside, while a spring loaded tongue which is provided above the bevel gear holds the cob tight against the shelling disc. Shelling is accomplished with the beating and shearing action of the cast iron projections present in the rotating shelling disc. The shelled kernels with dust are passed through an air stream produced by a blower which separates the kernels. The cleaned kernels are collected at the bottom. The capacity of the unit is 500 kg of cob/h and it is operated by a one hp electric motor.

SCREW CONVEYOR


Screw conveyor is one of the grain handling equipment. Helical screws mounted on a shaft is used to convey the material horizontally and upto a slope of 150. The material held between two screws (pitch) will be conveyed in rotation in helical paths taken by the screw. The feed hopper is loaded with grain and the screw conveyor is made to run idle for 5 minutes. The diameter and pitch of the screw and the length of the conveyor are measured using a measuring tape. The speed of rotation of the shaft is measured by a tachometer. The feed hopper is opened and material is allowed to convey by the screw. Time taken for collecting known volume of grain is noted at the other end.

RUBBER ROLL SHELLER


The paddy grain deformation is caused by shearing and compression of the two rotating rubber surfaces, which is sufficient to separate the rice from the husk. Paddy is passed through the clearance between the two rubber rollers rotating at opposite directions at different speeds. The clearance between rollers is smaller than the mean thickness of the paddy. One part of the husk is subjected to shear force where as the other part in contact with slower roller is under compression.

THIN LAYER DRYER


The lab model thin layer dryer consists of a blower heater assembly, plenum chamber and holding bin. The blower used is a built in type run by single phase electric motor and has provision to adjust the air flow rate at the suction side. The delivery end is connected to the heater assembly. The heater assembly is made in the cylindrical shape and 3 numbers of heating coils of 1000 W rating have been provided and connected in series. The other end of the heater assembly is connected to plenum chamber.
At the inlet of the heater assembly an orifice is provided to measure the airflow rate with the help of a U-tube manometer in terms of velocity head. In the plenum chamber a container is provided to hold the grain to be dried. This container can be removed at periodical intervals for weighing the grain along the bin to avoid spilling of grain during handling transferring.
A stem type thermometer is provided in the ‘Plenum chamber’ and connected in the circuit to control the temperature of hot air. Timer switch is also provided in the circuit to put off the complete equipment at desired time interval of drying.

POWER TILLER

A power tiller is a multipurpose farming tool that can be used for a variety of tasks, including watering, harvesting, shifting and moving crops. In difficult landscapes, this tiller can be a wise choice.

DISC PLOUGH


The disc plough is designed to work in all types of soil for functions such as soil breaking, soil raising, soil turning and soil mixing. It is used to open the new fields and to process the stony areas. It can be used easily at rocky and rooted areas.

FARM TRACTOR


Tractors can be used for ploughing, tilling, harrowing, sowing, and harvesting. They can also be used for hauling heavy loads, landscaping tasks, and more. With their constant innovation and development, tractors have made farming a more efficient and profitable enterprise for farmers in India.

PADDY TRANSPLANTER


The design of the rice transplanter adopts the principle of uniform dicing of the ramming block to realize the branching and transplanting, achieving the purpose of setting the line, fixing the depth and hole, and planting the seedling.

CHAFF CUTTER


A chaff cutter is a mechanical device for cutting straw or hay into small pieces before being mixed together with other forage and fed livestock. This aids the animal's digestion and prevents animals from rejecting any part of their food. Using a chaff cutter machine helps farmers efficiently process crop residues, reducing manual labour and improving feed preparation for livestock It also aids in the management of farm waste and enhances overall farm productivity.

SEED DRILL


A seed drill is a device used in agriculture that sow seeds for crops by positioning them in the soil and burying them to a specific depth. This ensures that seeds will be distributed evenly. The seed drill sows the seeds at the proper seeding rate and depth, ensuring that the seeds are covered by soil.

MULTI TYNE CULTIVATOR


For loosening and aerating the soil and preparing seed beds quickly and economically. It is useful for subsoil cultivation and also eliminates the use of plough even for hard soils.